Monetary Policy

Money supply measures such as M1 and M2 enjoyed a relatively brief period of fame and glory just after the pandemic.

The US Consumer Price Index (CPI) surprised on the upside for the third month in a row. There was nowhere to hide in the release with a majority of sub categories and sub aggregates posting worse numbers than expected.

Yesterday’s US CPI report delivered a few interesting numbers but is still consistent with the Fed’s goals and timelines, which should allow it to cut rates in the context of some sort of a soft landing.

The latest US non-farm payroll numbers increased by 275,000 for February (payroll survey) incorporating a two-month payroll revision of -167,000, most likely due to seasonal factors, leaving a net revision of just 108,000 jobs added.

Next week markets will receive January Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation prints from the US and the UK, which will no doubt be widely followed. In the US, the Bloomberg consensus is for a significant drop in headline CPI from 3.4% to 2.9%, while core is expected to decline by a less spectacular 20 bps from 3.9% to 3.7%. For the UK, consensus is for a small increase in CPI inflation from 4.0% to 4.1%.

After a tumultuous year for fixed income, government bond markets were finally delivering a story of falling inflation in Q4 2023. In our Investment Grade quarterly update, Gordon Shannon reflects on Q4, and in particular the month of December which proved to be one of the strongest months of the year, as hopes of multiple rate cuts in 2024 were accelerated.

The minutes to December’s Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting were released earlier this month and provided some interesting insights on the potential path for quantitative tightening in 2024, with several participants ultimately recommending slowing the pace of quantitative tightening (QT), which is running at $95bn, to zero.

The worsening US consumer credit data has largely fallen under radar. A few weeks ago, November 2023 data came in at $23.8bn representing a substantial increase from October’s $5.77bn and September’s $10.9bn.

There is good reason for fixed income investors to be positive as we move into 2024, although there is also reason to remain cautious. The welcome news is that inflation globally has finally started to fall after remaining stubbornly high for most of 2023.

With most central banks presumably at highs in terms of monetary policy rates during the current cycle, the focus has rightly shifted to the timing of the first cut. 

We recently highlighted in our 2024 outlook our expectations of significant inflows into fixed income to be an important technical driver of performance in the year ahead.

The tightening of monetary policy has given rise to concerns about the health of mortgage markets due to higher interest rates , leading to questions about the expected resilience of residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS).